Standard machined surface roughness is 125 Ra (3.2 µm); finish machining achieves 63 Ra (1.6 µm). Post-processing such as sandblasting or polishing can further improve surface quality.
Standard machined surface roughness is 125 Ra (3.2 µm); finish machining achieves 63 Ra (1.6 µm). Post-processing such as sandblasting or polishing can further improve surface quality.
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In 3-axis CNC machining, the tool moves along straight X, Y, and Z axes. In 4-axis machining, a rotary A-axis is added, allowing the workpiece to rotate. This enables the machining of complex features on multiple sides without re-fixturing.
Although the hourly machine rate is slightly higher, 4-axis machining typically reduces total costs by minimizing the number of setups. For complex multi-sided parts, 4-axis machining is often more cost-effective than multiple 3-axis setups.
4-axis machining adds rotational capability, allowing features on multiple faces to be machined in a single setup. This reduces clamping time, improves accuracy between faces, and enables the production of cylindrical profiles and continuous spiral geometries.
5-axis simultaneous motion means all five axes move during cutting, enabling complex 3D contour machining. 5-axis positioning (3+2) locks rotary axes at specific angles, then uses standard 3-axis movement. Continuous 5-axis suits complex profiles; positioning 5-axis is better for multi-face prismatic parts.
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